Period pain

The uterus has a muscular wall that contracts as its lining is shed. Chemical messengers called prostaglandins help trigger these contractions. They can cause cramps in the lower abdomen and pain towards the lower back or thighs. Some people also feel nauseated.

How many other people experience period pain says little about how much pain you should have to endure. What matters is how you are functioning: whether you can sleep, attend school and take part in activities. Repeated absences or inadequate pain relief are useful details to share when asking for help.

The pain may feel like a dull ache, cramps, pressure or soreness. Some people also feel nauseated, have loose stools, headaches or fatigue.

Comfortable warmth on your stomach or back may ease pain. Put a layer of fabric between the heat source and your skin, and avoid excessive heat. Some people prefer gentle movement, while others need rest. Try what feels right for you.

A pharmacy or doctor can advise on medicines suitable for your age and health. Follow the package instructions and check combinations rather than taking several products with the same active ingredient. If symptoms keep returning, a doctor may consider hormonal treatment or further investigations. Agree on what to do if the measures do not help enough.

If pain frequently keeps you home from school, wakes you at night, prevents normal activities or means you need a lot of pain relief, it is sensible to get it assessed.

Severe menstrual pain can occur with conditions including endometriosis and adenomyosis. You can ask for help even when the cause is still unknown.

Sudden, severe pain that is different from what you normally experience should be assessed quickly. This is especially important if you have a fever, feel clearly unwell or might be pregnant.

If you need prompt help and your regular doctor is unavailable, call the Norwegian out-of-hours medical service on 116 117. Call 113 in a life-threatening emergency.