Gynaecological examination

Contraception counselling usually starts with a conversation; you generally do not need an examination simply to ask for contraceptive advice.

If you are a teenager with period pain, the doctor will first ask about your symptoms and consider whether an examination is needed.

You can ask what will happen, why the examination is being suggested and what each step involves.

It is usually possible to have someone you know or a member of the clinic staff with you.

You can agree on a word or signal that means you need a pause. Speak up if you experience pain or discomfort or need more explanation. An examination should respect your wishes and can be stopped if you withdraw your consent. You can ask for a support person.

If you have previously experienced pain or unwanted sexual contact, you may share as much or as little as you wish to make the situation safer. Ask for a plan if the examination is postponed or cannot be completed. You should still receive help with the symptoms that brought you there.

An examination may involve looking at the outer genital area. For certain concerns, a doctor may suggest using a speculum, an instrument that gently holds the vaginal walls apart so the cervix can be seen. Other examinations or samples are considered only when relevant.

Not everyone needs every step. You should be told why a procedure is suggested, how it is performed and what the alternatives are. In some situations an ultrasound can be performed over the abdomen. Your age, symptoms, experiences and what you consent to are important when adapting the examination.