HPV and test results

HPV is a common virus. A positive HPV test means HPV was detected. It does not mean you have cancer. Most infections clear on their own, but some can cause cell changes over time.

What does the result mean?

• HPV not detected: The next screening test is usually recommended in five years.
• HPV detected, normal cells: Many are advised to repeat testing after one or three years. Some are referred to a gynaecologist.
• HPV detected with cell changes: Follow-up depends on the HPV type, severity of cell changes, previous results and other individual factors.

Does the HPV type matter?

Yes. HPV 16 usually requires closer follow-up. For HPV 18, 31, 33, 45, 52 and 58, cell changes are among the factors considered. For HPV 35, 39, 51, 56, 59, 66 and 68, many are advised to repeat testing after one or three years. Always follow your doctor's individual recommendation.

What about an HPV home test?

A home test checks for HPV, not cell changes. After a positive home test, you need to arrange a cervical sample with a doctor or gynaecologist.

When should you contact a doctor?

Contact a doctor if you experience bleeding after sex, irregular bleeding, unusual discharge or persistent pelvic pain, regardless of when you last had a screening test.

Explore further

• Insight: Cervical screening statistics
• Research: Barriers to follow-up after a positive HPV test
• FHI: Understanding cervical screening results (Norwegian)

Clinical source: Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 28 October 2026. Last checked 9 November 2026.